How to optimize your EV battery performance during cold weather

Winter brings many challenges for electric vehicle (EV) owners, from reduced range to slower charging times. Cold weather impacts EV batteries significantly, but with some preparation and care, you can mitigate these effects and enjoy smoother driving all season.

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Why does cold weather affect EV batteries?

In cold weather, several factors come into play:

• Reduce battery efficiency: Cold temperatures slow the chemical reactions within the battery, reducing its ability to store and discharge energy effectively.
• Increase energy use: Additional power is needed for heating the car, running windshield wipers, and using defrosters.
• Challenging road conditions: Snowy, icy, and wet conditions increase rolling resistance, requiring more energy for traction and stability control

These factors collectively result in reduced driving range and slower charging speed during winter.

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How cold weather affects charging speed

When the battery is cold, charging is slower because the EV diverts energy to heat the battery before it accepts full power. This self-regulating process protects the battery’s health but can extend charging times at public stations or home chargers.

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Tips to minimize cold weather impact on your EV

1. Preheat the battery: Many EVs offer a preheating feature that warms the battery before you start driving. Use this function to ensure your car’s battery is at an optimal temperature for performance. If your vehicle allows, schedule preheating while the car is still plugged in to preserve battery charge.
2. Charge after driving: The battery retains some warmth after a drive, so charging immediately afterward can help maintain better charging speed. If possible, time your charging sessions during the warmer parts of the day.
3. Park in a warm place: If you have access to a garage or covered parking, use it to shield your car from the cold. Even unheated garages provide some insulation, and a simple car cover can make a difference.

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Tips to maximize your EV range in the winter

1. Precondition the car: Preheat your car while it’s still plugged in to avoid draining the battery during your drive. Using heated seats and steering wheels instead of the main car heater can save significant energy.
2. Monitor driving habits: Smooth driving conserves energy. Avoid harsh acceleration and braking, and use your vehicle’s eco-mode to optimize power usage. Slower speed reduces air and rolling resistance, which helps conserve range.
3. Optimize tire pressure: Underinflated tires increase rolling resistance and energy consumption. Regularly check and maintain your tire pressure to ensure optimal efficiency.
4. Plan efficient routes: Shorter trips allow the battery to cool between uses, which is inefficient. You can use Northe's route planner in the Northe app to make the most of the battery’s warmed-up state in a single journey.

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Understanding range loss in extreme cold

While range loss varies by model and conditions, studies suggest that EVs can lose 10-12% of their range at -6°C and up to 40% with heavy heater usage. In extreme conditions (-20°C), you might still achieve about 40% of your usual range. Proper battery care ensures your EV remains functional, even in the coldest winters.

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Key takeaways for winter EV care

• Preheat your battery and car while plugged in
• Charge immediately after driving for better efficiency
• Park indoors or use covers to maintain a warmer battery
• Drive smoothly, reduce speed, and use eco-mode
• Keep your tires properly inflated to reduce rolling resistance

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Drive through winter smoothly with Northe

By taking these steps, you can minimize the impact of winter weather on your EV and enjoy reliable performance throughout the colder months. Preparing now with the right tools will not only save you time and money but also enhance your winter driving experience.

Northe makes EV charging simpler and more efficient during the winter. Whether you're charging at home with a charge box connected to Northe, use our charging solution for workplaces, or charge at one of our CPO Network's reliable public charging stations, you can keep your battery in the best condition even in the coldest weather.

With Northe by your side, you can drive through winter smoothly, ensuring your EV stays charged and ready for every frosty journey.